Fa-Hien (Faxian) — The First Chinese Pilgrim
Buddhism's Golden Age
The first Chinese pilgrim to visit India, providing invaluable evidence of Buddhism's golden age under the Guptas. His work, the "Record of Buddhist Kingdoms" (佛國記), is a key source for the geography and religious life of 5th-century India.
Key Observations
Fa-Hien found Buddhism flourishing under Gupta rule, with rich monasteries at Pataliputra. He described the grand stupa at Kushinagar where Buddha attained parinirvana, noted the humane treatment of prisoners, and documented the prosperous cities of Mathura and Pataliputra.
The Vegetarian Diet
He described the vegetarian diet of the population and the absence of alcohol, reflecting the Buddhist influence on Indian society during the Gupta period.
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