Historical Period12c CE
First referenced in Rajatarangini (12th c. CE); documented by Xuanzang (7th c.), Al-Biruni (11th c.), Ibn Battuta (14th c.); yatra grew to 5 lakh by 20th c.
Amarnath — the natural-ice liṅga of Kashmir
Hindu / Shaiva
Amarnāth Cave at 3,888m houses a natural ice-liṅga that forms and melts with the moon cycle. Tradition: Shiva revealed the secret of immortality to Pārvatī in this cave. The yātra (pilgrimage) is open only July–August (6 weeks); 5 lakh pilgrims annually. Route options: Pahalgam (3 days, scenic) or Baltal (1 day, steep). Paramilitary security since 1990s insurgency.