Lumbinī — Birthplace of the Buddha

Lumbinī — Birthplace of the Buddha

Tradition

Buddhist / Theravada / Mahayana — First of the four principal Buddhist pilgrimage sites

Location

• Lumbini, Rupandehi, Nepal (27.4833°N, 83.2767°E)
• UNESCO World Heritage Site (inscribed 1997)

Timeline

Sacred Narrative

Lumbinī — where Queen Māyādevī gave birth to Siddhārtha under the Sāl tree — is the first of the 4 most-holy Buddhist places. UNESCO World Heritage (1997). The Māyādevī Temple houses the marker-stone erected by Emperor Aśoka in 249 BCE to mark the exact birthplace. The Aśoka Pillar (249 BCE) records the site. Pilgrims from all 54 Buddhist nations visit; each nation has built its own temple at Lumbinī — the Thai, Korean, Japanese, Chinese, Vietnamese, Sri Lankan monasteries are spectacular architectural specimens.

Chinese pilgrims Faxian (5th century) and Xuanzang (7th century) both visited Lumbini at times when Buddhism was flourishing. They noted the sacred Sāl tree was still standing, the Ashoka temple was well-maintained, and pilgrims came from many countries to worship. The Ashoka Pillar inscription — still legible today — confirms this as the Buddha's birthplace.

In 1896, German archaeologist Anton Führer rediscovered the Ashoka Pillar during the British survey of Nepal. Today, Lumbini is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and receives millions of Buddhist pilgrims annually.