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Maha Shivaratri (महाशिवरात्रि — The Great Night of Shiva)
Overview
Maha Shivaratri is one of the most important Hindu festivals, dedicated to Lord Shiva. Celebrated on the 14th night of the dark fortnight in the month of Phalguna (February–March), it is a night of fasting, vigil, and intense devotion.
Mythology
Marriage of Shiva and Parvati: The most popular legend states that Shiva and Parvati were married on this night. Devotees stay awake all night to celebrate their divine union.
Shiva as Lingodbhava: Another legend describes Shiva appearing as an infinite pillar of fire (linga) before Brahma and Vishnu, establishing his supremacy.
Neelkanth: Shiva drank the poison (halahala) that emerged from the churning of the cosmic ocean to save the universe. His throat turned blue (neelkanth), and this night commemorates his sacrifice.
Rituals
- Fasting: Strict fast throughout the day and night; some consume only fruits and milk
- All-night vigil (jagaran): Chanting "Om Namah Shivaya," singing bhajans, and reading Shiva scriptures
- Lingam worship: Bathing the Shiva lingam with milk, honey, water, and bilva leaves every three hours
- Rudrabhishekam: Elaborate ritual bathing of the lingam with continuous chanting
Regional Variations
- Varanasi: Massive processions and all-night worship at Kashi Vishwanath
- Mandi (Himachal Pradesh): Week-long fair with hundreds of deities brought from villages
- Tiruvannamalai: Girivalam (circumambulation of Arunachala hill) at night
- Isha Yoga Center (Coimbatore): One of the largest gatherings, with millions attending
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