Historical Period9c CE
9th c. CE (late Pandya period)
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Deities
Madurakavi Āḻvār (Tamil: மதுரகவி ஆழ்வார்) is the sixth of the 12 Āḻvār saints, traditionally dated to the late 9th century CE. His name means "sweet poet" — he was already a renowned scholar and poet before his conversion. Unlike other Āḻvārs who had visions of Vishnu, Madurakavi's divine revelation came through another Āḻvār.
Born in Madurai (hence "Madurakavi"), he was a brilliant student of Sanskrit and Tamil literature. Dissatisfied with intellectual knowledge, he traveled south seeking a true guru. In Alvar Tirunagari, he heard of a silent youth who had sat beneath a tamarind tree for 16 years without eating or speaking.
Madurakavi approached the youth — Śaṭhakōpaṉ (later called Nammāḻvār) — and asked a philosophical question:
"If what is born from something is finite, what is born from the Infinite?"
Nammāḻvār, still silent, responded with a verse:
"That which is born from the Infinite is knowledge (jñāna), and that knowledge is myself."
Madurakavi immediately understood. He fell at the youth's feet, abandoned all his scholarship, and became his disciple — the only Āḻvār who worshipped another Āḻvār as guru.
Madurakavi's sole composition, the Kanninun Cirutambu ("The Sweetness That the Eye Beholds"), is just 11 verses — the shortest work in the entire Divya Prabandham. Yet its impact is profound:
"I saw the One who has neither beginning nor end, the One who is the source of all. And seeing Him, I saw nothing else ever again."
The work is not about Vishnu directly but about guru-bhakti — devotion to the spiritual teacher. Madurakavi established that the guru is the living manifestation of divine grace, a doctrine that became central to all later Sri Vaishnava lineages.
In every Sri Vaishnava temple, Nammāḻvār's image is carried in procession with Madurakavi standing beside him — the only case where two Āḻvārs are paired. This visual pairing teaches devotees: the guru and disciple are inseparable in the path of devotion.
Madurakavi's Tirunakṣatram (birth star: Cittrā) is celebrated at Alvar Tirunagari. His 11 verses are recited whenever a guru is honored, making him the patron saint of spiritual teachers in the Sri Vaishnava tradition.
