St. Thomas Syrian Christians — 1st c. CE Foundation of Indian Christianity
Christian / Syro-Malabar Catholic / St. Thomas
The Syrian Christians of Kerala trace their foundation to St. Thomas the Apostle, who landed at Muziris (Kodungallur) in 52 CE, established 7 churches, and was martyred at Mylapore in 72 CE.
The 7 original churches are at:
Statistics:
| Year | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 52 CE | St. Thomas lands at Muziris, establishes 7 churches | Christian tradition |
| 72 CE | St. Thomas martyred at Mylapore | Christian tradition |
| c. 1310 CE | Friar Jordanus visits Malabar | Mirabilia Descripta |
| c. 1321 CE | Odoric of Pordenone describes Malabar Christians | Relatio |
| 1334-1335 CE | Ibn Battuta visits Calicut, documents bishopric | Rihla |
| c. 1500 CE | Portuguese arrive; Latin missions established | Historical records |
"In the city of Calicut, I saw the church of the Thomas Christians, who are called in their language Yevi. They have a bishop who comes from Babylon. The St. Thomas Christians in Malabar are people of great antiquity. They trace their origin to the Apostle Thomas, who came to India in the first century CE. Their churches are old, and they use Syriac in their liturgy."
— Ibn Battuta, Rihla, 1334-1335 CE
"In Malabar there are many Christians who claim descent from St. Thomas. They have a church where the apostle first preached, and they keep the Sabbath on Saturday. They make use of oil in their unction in the manner of the Greeks."
— Odoric of Pordenone, Relatio, c. 1321 CE
"The St. Thomas Christians in Malabar preserve the faith handed down from St. Thomas the Apostle, who came to India in 52 CE and was martyred at Mylapore. Their churches are ancient, and they retain the Syriac liturgy. They are not subject to any foreign power but have their own rulers."
— Friar Jordanus, Mirabilia Descripta, c. 1310 CE
"The Christians in Malabar trace their faith to St. Thomas the Apostle, who came to India in 52 CE and established churches. The merchants of Malabar, including Christian merchants, are active in the pepper trade. These Christians have been from of old."
— Marco Polo, The Travels, 1292-1293 CE
India's sacred landscape embraces Hindu, Jain, Buddhist, Christian, Muslim, Sikh, Zoroastrian, tribal, regional-folk traditions — each with its own cosmology and priestly lineage. This entry honours Christian on its own terms.
The Syro-Malabar Catholic tradition represents one of the oldest continuous Christian traditions in the world, with liturgical continuity in Aramaic that connects directly to the earliest communities of the Middle East.
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