13th c. BCEText
bible
- Kingdom
- not stated
- Ruler
- not stated
c. 1200 BCE – c. 100 CE (Old and New Testaments)
Across time
226 temples and texts on a single chronological axis. Each row shows the era the entry states, the kingdom it names, and the ruler it records — and says not stated wherever the corpus is silent, rather than filling the gap from general knowledge.
Every row below is built only from what the entry itself states. Where the corpus does not name a dynasty or a ruler, that is shown as a gap rather than filled in.
64 rulers recorded
Showing 226 of 226 entries
13th c. BCEText
c. 1200 BCE – c. 100 CE (Old and New Testaments)
13th c. BCEText
c. 1500–1200 BCE
13th c. BCEText
Traditional: c. 1300–1200 BCE; scholarly: c. 900–400 BCE (Pentateuch sources)
11th c. BCEText
Old Avestan (Gathas): c. 1200–1000 BCE by tradition; Young Avestan texts: c. 900–400 BCE; Sasanian redaction 3rd–7th c. CE
9th c. BCETemple
Tradition dates to Tīrthaṅkara Pārśva (9th c. BCE); current temples 18th–19th c.
8th c. BCEText
c. 8th century BCE – 4th century CE
6th c. BCETemple
528 BCE (first sermon); Ashokan pillar c. 250 BCE; Dhamek Stupa enlarged 5th c. CE
6th c. BCETemple
6th c. BCE (birth); Ashokan pillar c. 249 BCE; Maya Devi Temple 2013 (re-excavated)
6th c. BCEText
c. 1500–500 BCE
5th c. BCETemple
Classical antiquity (5th c. BCE onwards; expanded by Cholas)
5th c. BCEText
c. 5th–3rd century BCE
5th c. BCEText
c. 5th–2nd century BCE
5th c. BCEText
c. 5th–3rd century BCE (Buddha period), compiled c. 3rd century BCE
5th c. BCEText
c. 5th–3rd century BCE
5th c. BCEText
c. 5th–4th century BCE
5th c. BCETemple
c. 483/400 BCE (parinirvana); Ashokan visit c. 249 BCE; Parinirvana Temple 5th c. CE
3rd c. BCETemple
First temple by Ashoka (3rd c. BCE); current structure 5th–6th c. CE (Gupta period)
3rd c. BCETemple
3rd c. BCE (Ashoka); expanded 2nd c. BCE (Śunga); toranas 1st c. BCE
2nd c. BCETemple
Phase 1: 2nd c. BCE–1st c. CE (Satavahana/Hinayana); Phase 2: 5th–6th c. CE (Vakataka/Mahayana)
2nd c. BCEText
c. 2nd century BCE – 4th century CE
1st c. BCEText
c. 1st century BCE – 5th century CE
1st c. BCEText
c. 1st century BCE – 2nd century CE
1st c. CETemple
Apostolic tradition (1st c.); parish church tradition AD 700; Portuguese record 1501; archdiocesan shrine 1998; Vatican International Shrine 2004
1st c. CETemple
Tradition: Chayal founded 1st c. (trade city, Chera–Pandya route); abandoned by 6th c. (dacoits, migration to Kanjirapally/Niranam); ecumenical church consecrated 8 April 1984/1985 on government land (1976)
1st c. CETemple
Tradition: founded 52 AD (year-long mission); present Syro-Malabar parish church 1900 (Pallippuram Forane, Ernakulam-Angamaly)
1st c. CETemple
Tradition: founded 52 AD; rebuilt 9th c. (Sabor & Aphroth); third church 1308; rededicated St. Thomas mid-1900s; rebuilt and blessed 2002
1st c. CETemple
Tradition: founded 52 AD; present fabric around the retained original altar; Jesuit improvements 1607 (Fenicio); pilgrim centre 2000
2nd c. CEText
c. 2nd–4th century CE
3rd c. CEText
Before 240 AD (Syriac original, Edessa; Origen cites it c. 225)
4th c. CEText
c. 4th–15th century CE
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
5th c. CE (Gupta founding); peak 7th–9th c. (Pala); destroyed 1193
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Traditional: 5th c. CE (Lichchavi); current structure: 15th c. (Malla); pagoda renewal 17th c.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Attested from the Āḻvār pasuram in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5th–8th c. CE; collection compiled 9th–10th c. CE). Present structure is later; no construction date is recorded.
5th c. CETemple
Ancient shrine; documented from 5th century CE
5th c. CEText
c. 5th–12th century CE
5th c. CEText
c. 5th century CE
5th c. CEText
c. 5th century CE
6th c. CETemple
Vedic-Ancient (Krishna-Arjuna legends); 6th c. CE (temple foundation);
6th c. CETemple
Ancient (Pandya origin, 6th c. CE or earlier); current structure 16th–17th c. CE (Nayak)
6th c. CETemple
6th c. CE (Pandya origin); Nayak rebuilding 16th–17th c.
6th c. CETemple
Rebuilt 1623–1655 CE (originally c. 6th c. CE); Nayak dynasty
6th c. CETemple
6th–8th c. CE; tamarind tree venerated throughout
6th c. CEText
c. 6th–10th century CE
6th c. CEText
c. 6th–9th century CE
6th c. CEText
c. 6th–10th century CE
6th c. CEText
c. 6th–14th century CE
6th c. CEText
c. 6th–10th century CE
7th c. CETemple
7th–9th c. CE (Pallava-Chola)
7th c. CETemple
Mythological antiquity; documented from 7th c. CE
7th c. CETemple
7th c. CE (c. 630–728); Pallava dynasty under Narasimhavarman II Rajasimha
7th c. CETemple
7th c. CE (Pallava)
7th c. CETemple
7th–9th c. CE
7th c. CETemple
7th–9th c. CE (Chera)
7th c. CETemple
7th c.
7th c. CETemple
Earliest shrine c. 7th c. CE (Chalukya); major expansion under Vijayanagara (14th–16th c.); gopuram by Krishnadevaraya (1510 CE)
7th c. CETemple
Traditionally 629 CE; present fabric includes 16th-century rebuild with later renovations (notably 1974, 2022 restoration)
7th c. CEText
Sayings 610–632 CE; written collections 9th–10th centuries CE
7th c. CEText
610–632 CE (revelation); codex standardised c. 650 CE
8th c. CETemple
8th century CE (c. 756–773); Rashtrakuta dynasty under Krishna I
8th c. CETemple
8th–10th c. CE (Pallava-Chola)
8th c. CETemple
c. 8th c. CE; attributed to Adi Shankaracharya
8th c. CETemple
8th c. CE (Pāṇḍya)
8th c. CETemple
8th–10th c. CE
8th c. CETemple
8th–9th c. CE (Pāṇḍya)
8th c. CETemple
8th c. CE (Shankaracharya); ancient origins
8th c. CETemple
8th c. CE (Pallava; attributed to Nandivarman II Pallavamalla, r. c. 731–800). Later Chola and Vijayanagara additions; present fabric is composite.
8th c. CETemple
8th–9th c. CE (Chera)
8th c. CETemple
8th c. CE onwards
8th c. CETemple
8th c. Pallava
8th c. CETemple
8th c. CE (Pandya)
8th c. CETemple
8th c. CE (Pandya-Chera)
8th c. CETemple
8th c. foundation; 18th c. current structure
8th c. CETemple
Fire consecrated at Sanjan early 8th c. (tradition: 721 CE); Sanjan–Bahrot–Vansda–Navsari–Valsad wanderings; installed Udvada 28 October 1742; present structure commissioned by Bai Motlibai Wadia (19th c.)
8th c. CETemple
8th c.
9th c. CETemple
Legendary (Vedic); current structure 9th c. CE (Adi Shankara); royal patronage by Garhwal kings
9th c. CETemple
9th c.
9th c. CETemple
Chola period (9th-13th c. CE); Dikshitar's period 1775-1835 CE
9th c. CETemple
9th c.
9th c. CETemple
9th–10th c. CE
9th c. CETemple
9th c. CE
9th c. CETemple
9th c. CE
9th c. CETemple
9th c. CE
9th c. CETemple
9th–10th c. CE
9th c. CETemple
9th c. CE (Chola)
9th c. CETemple
9th–10th c. CE
9th c. CETemple
9th c. CE
9th c. CETemple
9th c. CE
9th c. CETemple
9th–10th c. CE
9th c. CETemple
9th–12th c. CE
9th c. CETemple
9th–12th c. CE (Chera); reconstructed post-1921 floods
9th c. CETemple
9th c.
9th c. CETemple
9th c.
9th c. CETemple
9th c.
9th c. CETemple
9th c.
10th c. CETemple
Ancient (current structure 10th–12th c. CE, Chola)
10th c. CETemple
Ancient (early Sangam references); major structural expansion 10th–17th c. (Chola, Pandya, Nayaka, Mysore)
10th c. CETemple
10th c.
11th c. CETemple
11th century CE (1010); Chola dynasty under Raja Raja Chola I
11th c. CETemple
11th–14th c. CE (Chola-Vijayanagara)
11th c. CETemple
Ancient; Ramanuja's period 11th c.; major expansions 15th-20th c.
11th c. CETemple
Vimal Vasahi 1031 CE; Luna Vasahi 1230 CE; others 12th–15th c.
11th c. CETemple
950–1050 CE (Chandela dynasty)
11th c. CETemple
c. 1078–1148 CE; Eastern Ganga dynasty under Anantavarman Chodaganga
11th c. CETemple
Tradition: founded AD 593 (Marth Mariam); rebuilt 1080, 1411, 1813; devotion to St. George gave the present name
12th c. CETemple
12th–17th c. CE; Pandya, Jaffna, Setupati dynasties
12th c. CETemple
Earliest structure 12th c. CE (Pandya); major corridor expansion by the Sethupati kings of Ramnad (17th–18th c.)
12th c. CETemple
12th c. CE (Later Chola); expanded by Nayaks and Vijayanagara
12th c. CETemple
Belur 1117 CE; Halebid 1121 CE; Somnathpur 1268 CE
12th c. CETemple
13th c. CE (Annamacharya 1178-1378); temple ancient
13th c. CETemple
13th c. CE (c. 1250), built by Narasimhadeva I of the Ganga dynasty
13th c. CETemple
Saint d. 1236; mausoleum 15th century; Mughal expansion 16th–17th centuries (Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan)
14th c. CETemple
Vedic-Ancient (Narasimha myth); medieval (Ahobila Mutt 14th c.);
14th c. CETemple
Saint d. 1325; tomb built by Muhammad bin Tughluq 1325; dome 1562; restored c. 2010 by the Aga Khan Trust for Culture
14th c. CETemple
Commissioned 1373, completed 1375 (Sikandar Shah, Ilyas Shahi Bengal Sultanate); 507×285 ft; 387 domes; now preserved ruin
15th c. CETemple
15th-16th c. CE (Purandara Dasa); Ancient temple city
15th c. CEText
Verses 15th century; Bijak compiled 17th century; Purandas edition 1872, Rewa edition 1860s
15th c. CETemple
Saint 1478–1572; tomb 1580–81 (Akbar, red sandstone); marble cladding + verandah 1605–07 (Jahangir); UNESCO 1986
16th c. CETemple
16th century CE (1594–1605); Portuguese Estado da Índia
16th c. CETemple
Legendary (Mahābhārata); current structure 16th c. CE (expanded by Jagat Singh II of Mewar)
16th c. CETemple
Ancient (Pandya origin); current structure 16th–17th c. CE (Nayak)
16th c. CETemple
Apparition traditions 16th–17th c.; parish 1771; minor basilica November 1962 (John XXIII); Vatican devotion approval 2024
16th c. CETemple
Begun 1562 (Dom Sebastiao); substantially complete 1619; consecrated 1640; altars finished 1652; UNESCO World Heritage 1986
16th c. CETemple
Built 1568 by Samuel Castiel, David Belila, Joseph Levi and colleagues; destroyed 1662 (Portuguese), rebuilt under the Dutch; clock tower 1761
16th c. CETemple
Oratory 1570; chapel 1640; pirate attack 1700; rebuilt 1761; present church 1902–04; minor basilica 1954 (Pius XII)
16th c. CETemple
First structure 1577–1604; rebuilt 1764; gold-plating 1809–1839 (Ranjit Singh)
17th c. CETemple
Ancient (current structure 17th c. CE — Nayak rebuilding)
17th c. CETemple
Tradition: founded AD 54 (moved from Thrikkalpeshwaram); bishops' seat 17th–19th c.; 1912 split venue; Orthodox Diocese HQ today
17th c. CEText
1604 CE (compiled by Guru Arjan), additions by Guru Gobind Singh to 1708 CE
17th c. CETemple
Begun 1617 (Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, foundation by his own prayer-clean hands); completed 1694 (Aurangzeb); 8,000 workers; 77 years
17th c. CETemple
Commissioned by Shah Jahan; built 1650–1656 (5,000+ workers); first Imam Syed Abdul Ghafoor Shah Bukhari
17th c. CETemple
Land designated 1672 (Governor Aungier); Framji Cowasji tower consecrated 3 June 1831; vulture collapse 1990s–2000s; solar concentrators adopted
18th c. CETemple
Mentioned in Sangam literature; current structure 18th c. (Marthanda Varma of Travancore, 1733–1758)
18th c. CETemple
Ancient; Tyagaraja period 1767-1847 CE
18th c. CETemple
Built 1780–84 by Nawab Asaf-ud-Daula (architect Kifayatullah, buried beside his patron); famine-relief workforce ~22,000
18th c. CETemple
Ancient; current structure from 1781 CE
19th c. CETemple
Ancient; current structure 19th c. CE
19th c. CETemple
Traditional: Puranic (Śiva's secret); modern: annual yatra since 1850s
19th c. CETemple
Built 1856; enlarged 1885–86; restored by ASI around 2000 and by the community 2015–17
19th c. CETemple
Completed 1884; restored 2018–2019; centenary commemorated by India Post stamp (1985)
20th c. CETemple
Scriptural (Bachittar Natak, Dasam Granth); identified 1934 (Sant Sohan Singh, Bhai Vir Singh); 10×10 shrine 1935; present star-shaped marble gurdwara from mid-1960s (MES design)
20th c. CETemple
Congregation erected 7 October 1950; Mother House home since February 1953; tomb 13 September 1997
20th c. CETemple
Ancient (current structure 1951 CE)
20th c. CETemple
Conversion 14 October 1956; stupa construction July 1978–2001 (architect Sheo Dan Mal); inaugurated 18 December 2001 (President K. R. Narayanan)
20th c. CETemple
Designed 1976–; built 1980–86 (L&T ECC, Flint & Neill); dedicated 24 December 1986; 1987 global architecture honours
21st c. CETemple
2005 CE (5-year construction; 2000–2005)
21st c. CETemple
Divya Desam #96 in tradition, attested in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5–8 c. CE). The present structure is a 21st-century reconstruction, consecrated 2024, on a site whose earlier temple history is archaeologically and politically contested. No single construction date is asserted; see the entry body and the ASI excavation reports.
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Attested as a Divya Desam by the Alvars' pasurams; the temple carries inscriptions from the 18th regnal year of Aditya I. No construction date is recorded. See pending_facts.
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No firm construction date is recorded. Attested as a Divya Desam in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5–8 c. CE); the Nārasiṃha legend places the site far earlier and the present building is repeatedly rebuilt. No masonry date is asserted here.
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Mythological; most temples from medieval period
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Ancient
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Attested as Divya Desam #52 in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5–8 c. CE). The corpus records a Pallava-Chola attribution; individual construction phases are not yet researched and are not asserted here.
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Attested as Divya Desam #53 in the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (Āḻvārs 5–8 c. CE). The corpus records a Pallava-Chola attribution; individual construction phases are not yet researched and are not asserted here.
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Varies
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beyond time
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Varies
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Cosmic / eternal
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Ancient; Govardhana-hill itself is the deity
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beyond time
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The mapping is generated by scripts/historical-links.mjs from historical_period, composed_date and the associated_kings field — the corpus’s own structured patronage records. It consults no external gazetteer, dates nothing by dynasty membership, and never infers a ruler from a date.
A date means oldest attested, not oldest in reality: a shrine is placed by its earliest attestation. Where an inscription is cited it is treated as evidence of a date, not as proof that the named king built the structure.
Coverage is reported rather than hidden. The temples carrying all three facts are the model to follow — a curator adding a kingdom and ruler field to a temple entry widens this view automatically. Contribute.